Is a city and the capital of the province of Granada, in the autonomous region of Andalusia, Spain. It is situated at the foot of the Sierra Nevada mountains, at the confluence of two rivers, Darro and Genil, at an elevation of 738 metres above sea level. At the 2005 census, the population of the city of Granada proper was 236,982, and the population of the entire urban area was estimated to be 472,638, ranking as the 13th-largest urban area of the Spanish Kingdom. About 3.3% of the population did not hold Spanish citizenship, the largest number of these (31%) coming from South America.

The Alhambra, a Moorish citadel and palace, is in Granada. It is one of the most famous items of the Muslim, Jewish, and Christian historical legacy that makes Granada a hot spot among cultural and tourist cities in Spain. The Almohad urbanism with some fine examples of Moorish and Morisco constructions is preserved at the part of the city called the Albaicin.

Granada is also well-known within Spain due to the prestigious University of Granada and, nowadays, wild night-life. In fact, it is said that it is one of the three best cities for college students (the other two are Salamanca and Santiago de Compostela).

The pomegranate (in Spanish, granada) is the heraldic device of Granada.


History


Pre-Nasrid
The city has been inhabited from the dawn of history. There was an Ibero-Celtic settlement here, which made contact in turn with Phoenicians, Carthagenians and Greeks. By the 5th century BCE, the Greeks had established a colony which they named Elibyrge or Elybirge (Greek: ???ß????). Under Roman rule, in the early centuries CE, this name had become "Illiberis". As Illiberis, the city minted its own coins. The Visigoths maintained the importance of the city as a centre of both ecclesiastical and civil administration and also established it as a military stronghold.

A Jewish community established itself in what was effectively a suburb of the city, called "Gárnata" or "Gárnata al-yahud" (Granada of the Jews). It was with the help of this community that Moorish forces under Tariq ibn-Ziyad first took the city in 711, though it was not fully secured until 713. They referred to it under the Iberian name "Ilbira", the remaining Christian community calling this "Elvira", and it became the capital of a province of the Caliphate of Cordoba. Civil conflicts that wracked the Caliphate in the early eleventh century led to the destruction of the city in 1010. In the subsequent reconstruction, the suburb of Gárnata was incorporated in the city, and the modern name in fact derives from this. With the arrival of the Zirid dynasty in 1013, Granada became an independent sultanate. By the end of the eleventh century, the city had spread across the Darro to reach what is now the site of the Alhambra.

Nasrid Kingdom of Granada
In 1228, with the departure of the Almohad prince, Idris, who left Iberia to take the Almohad leadership, the ambitious Ibn al-Ahmar established the longest lasting Muslim dynasty on the Iberian peninsula - the Nasrids. With the Reconquista in full swing after the conquest of Cordoba in 1236, the Nasrids aligned themselves with Ferdinand III of Castile, officially becoming a tributary state in 1238. The state officially became the Kingdom of Granada in 1238. The Nasrid sultans and kings were responsible for building most of the palaces in the Alhambra. The taifa became a vassal state of the Christian kingdom of Castile for the next 250 years. The Nasrid sultans and kings paid tribute to the Christian kings and cooperated with them in the battle against rebellious Muslims under Castilian rule.

Initially the kingdom of Granada linked the commercial routes from Europe with those of the Maghreb. The territory constantly shrank, however, and by 1492, Granada controlled only a small territory on the Mediterranean coast. Arabic was the official language, and was the mother tongue of the majority of the population.

Granada was held as a vassal to Castile for many decades, and provided trade links with the Muslim world, particularly the gold trade with the sub-saharan areas south of Africa. The Nasrids also provided troops for Castile while the kingdom was also a source of mercenary fighters from North Africa. However, Portugal discovered direct African trade routes by sailing around the coast of West Africa. Thus Granada became less and less important for Castile and with the unification of Castile and Aragon in 1479, those kingdoms set their sights on conquering Granada and Navarre.

On January 2, 1492, the last Muslim leader, Muhammad XII, known as Boabdil to the Spanish, surrendered complete control of Granada, to Ferdinand and Isabella, Los Reyes Católicos ("The Catholic Monarchs"), after the city was besieged.

See Nasrid dynasty for a full list of the Nasrid rulers of Granada. The most prominent members of the dynasty were:

- Mohammed ibn Alhamar (died 1273), the founder of the dynasty
- Yusuf I (1334–1354)
- Muhammed V (1354–1391), builder of the royal palace within the Alhambra
- Boabdil of Granada, the last of the line, who surrendered in 1492 to Ferdinand and Isabel and was given the Alpujarras mountains to rule to the East of Granada, although he left for Tlemsen in Morocco.


After the fall of Granada


The fall of the Moors is one of the more significant events in Granada's history. The Alhambra decree of the Christian Monarchs forced the predominantly Muslim population to convert to Roman Catholicism or face death. Those who managed to survive the inquisition fled to their ancestral lands in North Africa. Arabic lost its place in everyday life and was replaced by Castilian. The mosques, some on sites of former Christian churches, were converted to Christian uses. Part of the predominantly Muslim population was gradually converted to Roman Catholicism and remaining Muslims were eventually expelled to surrounding rural areas, leading to the Revolt of the Alpujarras in 1568. Jews were immediately expelled following the Alhambra decree of 1492.

The fall of Granada holds an important place among the many significant events that mark the latter half of the 15th century. It ended the eight hundred year-long Islamic presence in the Iberian Peninsula. Freed from conflicts with the Muslims, a united Spain advanced to first rank among the nations of Europe, and embarked onto its greatest phase of expansion around the globe leading to the 'discovery' of the Americas by Isabella's prodigy Christopher Columbus and followed by what was to become the Spanish Empire, one of the largest empires of the world for the coming centuries.


Architecture


There are many important Moorish and Catholic architectural sites in Granada:

- The Alhambra and Generalife
- The Palace of Charles V
- Granada's Cathedral
- Capilla Real. Royal Chapel, with the tombs of Isabella and Ferdinand, the Catholic Kings
- El Albayzín, or Albaicín: The ancient Arab quarter, containing many original houses from the 16th century
- The Charterhouse: One of the most impressive pieces of ornamental Baroque in Spain
- Calle Calderería: An Albayzin street where you can taste Arab typical food, especially teas and desserts from North Africa
- El Cármen de los Mártires: A lovely palace with a beautiful botanic garden near the Alhambra
- Santa Ana Church: 16th century, Mudejar Style
- San Salvador Church: 16th century, Mudejar Style. With Moorish Almohad patio from the former mosque
- El Corral del Carbón: Deposit of merchandise and shelter of merchants. Adapted after 16th century for theater plays
- Hospital Real: Founded in 1504 by the Reyes Católicos, now part of the University
- Santo Domingo Church: Founded in 1512 by the Reyes Católicos
- San José Church: On the site of the "moans" Almorabitín, the mosque of the morabites, one of oldest in Granada, dating from the 10th century
- Old University: Now the School of Law, it retains its original 17th century facade
- Bermejas Towers: Strongpoints on the encircling wall of the Alhambra, they date from the 8th and 9th centuries
- Basilica San Juan de Dios: Basilica where the rest of this saint rest. Sample of Granada's baroque
- The Gate of Elvira: The principal Gate to the old city Part of the Moorish wall
- Casa de los Tiros, 16th century. With a complex iconographic program of sculputure and painting about Spanish history and full of cryptograms, it was the palace of Gil Vázquez-Rengifo, who helped the Catholic Kings in the fight for the city. Nowadays it is a museum where visitors can follow the history of Granada from the Middle Age to the present day
- The 16th century Castril palace which hosts the Archaeological Museum of Granada

Although many Muslim buildings were destroyed by the Christian era in Granada those that are remaining make the most complete group of Moorish housing architecture in Europe. Palaces like Dar al Horra, or Alcazar Genil, or houses like the house of the Horno de Oro, the house of Chapiz, or the house of Abén Humeya, are only some of the most famous. Public Baths like El Bañuelo or Alhambra Baths, and the complex of Arab public fountains and wells (aljibes), are unique in Europe. The Nasrid infrastructure net that feeds them (acequias) still functions in its majority: The Royal Acequia and the Cadí Acequia are some of them.

Is a city and the capital of the province of Granada, in the autonomous region of Andalusia, Spain. It is situated at the foot of the Sierra Nevada mountains, at the confluence of two rivers, Darro and Genil, at an elevation of 738 metres above sea level. At the 2005 census, the population of the city of Granada proper was 236,982, and the population of the entire urban area was estimated to be 472,638, ranking as the 13th-largest urban area of the Spanish Kingdom. About 3.3% of the population did not hold Spanish citizenship, the largest number of these (31%) coming from South America.

The Alhambra, a Moorish citadel and palace, is in Granada. It is one of the most famous items of the Muslim, Jewish, and Christian historical legacy that makes Granada a hot spot among cultural and tourist cities in Spain. The Almohad urbanism with some fine examples of Moorish and Morisco constructions is preserved at the part of the city called the Albaicin.

Granada is also well-known within Spain due to the prestigious University of Granada and, nowadays, wild night-life. In fact, it is said that it is one of the three best cities for college students (the other two are Salamanca and Santiago de Compostela).

The pomegranate (in Spanish, granada) is the heraldic device of Granada.


History


Pre-Nasrid
The city has been inhabited from the dawn of history. There was an Ibero-Celtic settlement here, which made contact in turn with Phoenicians, Carthagenians and Greeks. By the 5th century BCE, the Greeks had established a colony which they named Elibyrge or Elybirge (Greek: ???ß????). Under Roman rule, in the early centuries CE, this name had become "Illiberis". As Illiberis, the city minted its own coins. The Visigoths maintained the importance of the city as a centre of both ecclesiastical and civil administration and also established it as a military stronghold.

A Jewish community established itself in what was effectively a suburb of the city, called "Gárnata" or "Gárnata al-yahud" (Granada of the Jews). It was with the help of this community that Moorish forces under Tariq ibn-Ziyad first took the city in 711, though it was not fully secured until 713. They referred to it under the Iberian name "Ilbira", the remaining Christian community calling this "Elvira", and it became the capital of a province of the Caliphate of Cordoba. Civil conflicts that wracked the Caliphate in the early eleventh century led to the destruction of the city in 1010. In the subsequent reconstruction, the suburb of Gárnata was incorporated in the city, and the modern name in fact derives from this. With the arrival of the Zirid dynasty in 1013, Granada became an independent sultanate. By the end of the eleventh century, the city had spread across the Darro to reach what is now the site of the Alhambra.

Nasrid Kingdom of Granada
In 1228, with the departure of the Almohad prince, Idris, who left Iberia to take the Almohad leadership, the ambitious Ibn al-Ahmar established the longest lasting Muslim dynasty on the Iberian peninsula - the Nasrids. With the Reconquista in full swing after the conquest of Cordoba in 1236, the Nasrids aligned themselves with Ferdinand III of Castile, officially becoming a tributary state in 1238. The state officially became the Kingdom of Granada in 1238. The Nasrid sultans and kings were responsible for building most of the palaces in the Alhambra. The taifa became a vassal state of the Christian kingdom of Castile for the next 250 years. The Nasrid sultans and kings paid tribute to the Christian kings and cooperated with them in the battle against rebellious Muslims under Castilian rule.

Initially the kingdom of Granada linked the commercial routes from Europe with those of the Maghreb. The territory constantly shrank, however, and by 1492, Granada controlled only a small territory on the Mediterranean coast. Arabic was the official language, and was the mother tongue of the majority of the population.

Granada was held as a vassal to Castile for many decades, and provided trade links with the Muslim world, particularly the gold trade with the sub-saharan areas south of Africa. The Nasrids also provided troops for Castile while the kingdom was also a source of mercenary fighters from North Africa. However, Portugal discovered direct African trade routes by sailing around the coast of West Africa. Thus Granada became less and less important for Castile and with the unification of Castile and Aragon in 1479, those kingdoms set their sights on conquering Granada and Navarre.

On January 2, 1492, the last Muslim leader, Muhammad XII, known as Boabdil to the Spanish, surrendered complete control of Granada, to Ferdinand and Isabella, Los Reyes Católicos ("The Catholic Monarchs"), after the city was besieged.

See Nasrid dynasty for a full list of the Nasrid rulers of Granada. The most prominent members of the dynasty were:

- Mohammed ibn Alhamar (died 1273), the founder of the dynasty
- Yusuf I (1334–1354)
- Muhammed V (1354–1391), builder of the royal palace within the Alhambra
- Boabdil of Granada, the last of the line, who surrendered in 1492 to Ferdinand and Isabel and was given the Alpujarras mountains to rule to the East of Granada, although he left for Tlemsen in Morocco.


After the fall of Granada


The fall of the Moors is one of the more significant events in Granada's history. The Alhambra decree of the Christian Monarchs forced the predominantly Muslim population to convert to Roman Catholicism or face death. Those who managed to survive the inquisition fled to their ancestral lands in North Africa. Arabic lost its place in everyday life and was replaced by Castilian. The mosques, some on sites of former Christian churches, were converted to Christian uses. Part of the predominantly Muslim population was gradually converted to Roman Catholicism and remaining Muslims were eventually expelled to surrounding rural areas, leading to the Revolt of the Alpujarras in 1568. Jews were immediately expelled following the Alhambra decree of 1492.

The fall of Granada holds an important place among the many significant events that mark the latter half of the 15th century. It ended the eight hundred year-long Islamic presence in the Iberian Peninsula. Freed from conflicts with the Muslims, a united Spain advanced to first rank among the nations of Europe, and embarked onto its greatest phase of expansion around the globe leading to the 'discovery' of the Americas by Isabella's prodigy Christopher Columbus and followed by what was to become the Spanish Empire, one of the largest empires of the world for the coming centuries.


Architecture


There are many important Moorish and Catholic architectural sites in Granada:

- The Alhambra and Generalife
- The Palace of Charles V
- Granada's Cathedral
- Capilla Real. Royal Chapel, with the tombs of Isabella and Ferdinand, the Catholic Kings
- El Albayzín, or Albaicín: The ancient Arab quarter, containing many original houses from the 16th century
- The Charterhouse: One of the most impressive pieces of ornamental Baroque in Spain
- Calle Calderería: An Albayzin street where you can taste Arab typical food, especially teas and desserts from North Africa
- El Cármen de los Mártires: A lovely palace with a beautiful botanic garden near the Alhambra
- Santa Ana Church: 16th century, Mudejar Style
- San Salvador Church: 16th century, Mudejar Style. With Moorish Almohad patio from the former mosque
- El Corral del Carbón: Deposit of merchandise and shelter of merchants. Adapted after 16th century for theater plays
- Hospital Real: Founded in 1504 by the Reyes Católicos, now part of the University
- Santo Domingo Church: Founded in 1512 by the Reyes Católicos
- San José Church: On the site of the "moans" Almorabitín, the mosque of the morabites, one of oldest in Granada, dating from the 10th century
- Old University: Now the School of Law, it retains its original 17th century facade
- Bermejas Towers: Strongpoints on the encircling wall of the Alhambra, they date from the 8th and 9th centuries
- Basilica San Juan de Dios: Basilica where the rest of this saint rest. Sample of Granada's baroque
- The Gate of Elvira: The principal Gate to the old city Part of the Moorish wall
- Casa de los Tiros, 16th century. With a complex iconographic program of sculputure and painting about Spanish history and full of cryptograms, it was the palace of Gil Vázquez-Rengifo, who helped the Catholic Kings in the fight for the city. Nowadays it is a museum where visitors can follow the history of Granada from the Middle Age to the present day
- The 16th century Castril palace which hosts the Archaeological Museum of Granada

Although many Muslim buildings were destroyed by the Christian era in Granada those that are remaining make the most complete group of Moorish housing architecture in Europe. Palaces like Dar al Horra, or Alcazar Genil, or houses like the house of the Horno de Oro, the house of Chapiz, or the house of Abén Humeya, are only some of the most famous. Public Baths like El Bañuelo or Alhambra Baths, and the complex of Arab public fountains and wells (aljibes), are unique in Europe. The Nasrid infrastructure net that feeds them (acequias) still functions in its majority: The Royal Acequia and the Cadí Acequia are some of them.

Il primo nome fu Elvira, e con la conquista da parte dei musulmani arabi e berberi nel VII secolo d.C. e il suo nome divenne appunto quello di Gharnata. Dopo la reconquista del 1492 il nome fu cambiato in Granada, la parola in spagnolo che pi somigliava al nome in arabo, e che significa melograno, questo frutto tuttora il simbolo della citt.


La storia


Il suo periodo migliore fu quello successivo al periodo in cui al-Andalus fu un Emirato dapprima e Califfato poi omayyade, con sede a Cordova. Con i reinos de taifas (in Arabo muluk al-tawa?if), la citt - che ospitava una ricca e attiva comunit ebraica, stanziata soprattuto nel quartiere Realejo, tanto da essere chiamata "Gharnata al-Yahud", Granata degli Ebrei - fu governata dal 1013 in modo progressivamente indipendente dagli Ziridi, una dinastia fondata da Zawi ibn Ziri, un Berbero giunto dal Nordafrica per partecipare alle guerre innescate in al-Andalus dal crollo del Califfato.

Nel corso della dominazione almoravide e almohade Granada perse la sua indipendenza, costretta a piegarsi al volere dei signori venuti dall'Africa settentrionale, ma recuper il proprio ruolo quando, nel 1232 Mu?ammad ibn Yusuf ibn Na?ar (o Nasr) entr nella citt dalla Puerta de Elvira per occupare il Palazzo del Gallo del Vento per fondare la dinastia nasride e il Sultanato di Granada che dette alla citt 20 sultani fino alla sua caduta nel gennaio del 1492.

I Nasridi trasformarono la loro capitale in uno dei centri pi brillanti dell'intera Penisola Iberica, tanto sotto il profilo economico e sociale quanto sotto quello prettamente culturale.

Fu l'ultimo reame a essere "riconquistato" dai cristiani che, per lungo periodo, le consentirono di sopravvivere, sia pure in uno stato di sostanziale infeudamento alla corona di Castiglia, fino a quando, nel 1492,Isabella di Castiglia e Ferdinando d'Aragona costrinsero alla resa e all'esilio l'ultimo Sultano Abu ?Abd Allah (il "Boabdil" delle cronache cristiane dell'epoca). C' una localit chiamata "Sospiro del Moro" sulla Sierra Nevada da dove, prima di procedere verso la costa, si vede per l'ultima volta il panorama della citt, e qui secondo la tradizione si ferm Boabdil a rimpiangere il suo perduto regno.

Secondo la tradizione la madre di quest'ultimo lo rimprover dicendogli: "Piangi come una donna perch non hai saputo difendere il tuo regno come un uomo". Il fatto che i "Cattolicissimi" re avessero deciso di eleggere come propria sede reale a Granada proprio il palazzo dei sultani dell'Alhambra (dall'arabo al-?amra?, ossia "la Rossa", a causa del colore rosato delle strutture murarie), preserv la costruzione dalla devastante damnatio memoriae dei vincitori. Oggi l'Alhambra considerata uno dei patrimoni dell'umanit.
Carlo V edific anche un suo palazzo nel mezzo del'Alhambra, che non fu per terminato. Alla fine del XVI secolo, con Filippo II al potere, scoppi la sanguinaria ribellione dei moriscos (cristiani convertiti all'Islam) e fu costretto ad intervenire il fratellastro di Filippo II, don Giovanni d'Austria, vincitore di Lepanto, che oper una repressione durissima: il capo degli insorti Abn Humeya (il cui nome cristiano era Fernando de Crdoba y Vlor mentre quello arabo era Mu?ammad ibn Umayya . Questi (1520-1569) fu tradito e assassinato da Abn Ab (Ibn ?Abbad o Ibn ?Abbas) che, a sua volta, fu decapitato dai cristiani che esposero la sua testa sulla Porta Reale. I moriscos vennero definitivamente espulsi dal suo regno da Filippo III e ci fu un periodo di grave crisi dell'economia nazionale (originata dallo sfacelo del settore agricolo), seguito nei sec. XVII e XVIII da un periodo di grande splendore (provocato dall'oro e dall'argento delle Americhe) e vennero avviate e completate le costruzioni delle grandi opere del Barocco e del periodo successivo. Nei secoli seguenti Granada non fu pi al centro della vita culturale del paese fino a quando nel 1829 giunse in citt Washington Irving, dimora all'Alhambra e scrisse "I racconti dell' Alhambra" che attrassero molti scrittori, artisti e viaggiatori romantici come Dumas, Daumier, Delacroix ed altri. Nel 1889 si inizi il restauro dell'Alhambra che fu aperta al pubblico con Alfonso XIII. Da allora Granada ha accresciuto la sua fama e con Federico Garcia Lorca, Salvador Dal, Andres Segovia e Manuel de Falla, che vi dimorarono contemporaneamente, diventando uno dei maggiori centri mondiali della letteratura e della musica.


Il clima


Nonostante la vicinanza al mare, il clima secco e continentale. La pioggia rara e le alte montagne della Sierra Nevada impediscono che il mare mitighi il clima; cos di inverno le temperature scendono spesso sotto lo zero e d'estate superano quasi sempre i trenta gradi; c' anche una grande escursione termica tra notte e giorno, spesso anche con una differenza di quindici gradi. Le ore di sole durante l'anno sono 2662.


Cultura


Uno dei suoi figli pi illustri fu il grande poeta Federico Garca Lorca, ucciso dai franchisti nel corso della guerra civile.

Attualmente Granada uno dei pi importanti centri studenteschi di tutto la Spagna, vi confluiscono moltissimi studenti da tutta la Spagna e da tutta Europa attraverso il programma universitario Erasmus. Gli studenti provenienti da fuori citt durante l'anno accademico sono circa 80000. Gli studenti Erasmus a Granada nell'anno accademico 2005/2006 furono circa 1300 di cui quasi 800 italiani.

Nell'anno accademico 2006/2007 la tendenza viene confermata da una partecipazione di 1700 studenti Erasmus, aiutati nella vita di tutti i giorni da associazioni studentesche per organizzazione di viaggi culturali in Andalusia (ASEE) e di feste a tema in locali caratteristici nonch Botelln. Inoltre a Granada il 17 marzo 2007, nell'ambito di una competizione spontanea nata tra le comunit studentesche di Spagna, si tenne il "macrobotelln" pi grande di Spagna, con oltre 40000 giovani riuniti nella zona dell'hypercor per bere e festeggiare.

Granada anche una delle citt spagnole pi visitata dai turisti per i suoi monumenti, le sue feste, per i locali caratteristici dei gitani nelle grotte del Sacromonte dove si canta e si ballano il flamenco e la zambra gitana. Il monumento pi celebre l'Alhambra, che consta di tre parti: Alcazaba (dall'arabo al-Qa?aba, "residenza fortificata"), Casa Reale o Alcazar (dall'arabo al-Qa?r, "il Palazzo") con i giardini ed Alhambra alta o Quartiere degli Artigiani del Popolo, la cui estensione di 104.000 metri quadrati. La fortezza era fiancheggiata da ben trecento torri, quattro delle quali sono ancor oggi porte d'ingresso al recinto, due strade pressoch parallele attraversavano la cittadella ed una sola si conservata. Interessanti sono diverse sale con le caratteristiche decorazioni geometriche arabescate, sia del palazzo pubblico (Mexuar) sia di quello privato (Diwan o Serraglio), anche se alcune sono un po' trasformate dai re cristiani. Caratteristici i cortili, uno dei quali detto "cortile dei mirti", per le piante di mirto che delimitano l'interno pieno di acqua, e un altro, al centro del harem, detto "dei leoni" per la fontana centrale la cui vasca sorretta da dodici leoni. Altri edifici ospitano i bagni con diverse stanza, e poi cortili, giardini, fontanelle, piccole canalette in cui scorre l'acqua, rendono unico questo complesso. Il palazzo di Carlo V, del 1527, sorge all'interno della struttura dell'Alhambra, simbolizzando la superiorit cristiana sui musulmani sconfitti, all'interno si pu ammirare il suo suggestivo cortile porticato a forma circolare, ispirato ai palazzi rinascimentali. Altro notevole edificio la cattedrale con annessa la Cappella Reale, nella cui cripta sono i sepolcri dei Re cattolici Ferdinando e Isabella, di Giovanna la Pazza (doa Juana la Loca), di Filippo il Bello e dell'infante Miguel. La Cattedrale ricca di cappelle e altari ornatissimi e di molte opere di celebri pittori.

Il Generalife (dall'arabo Jannat al-?Arif, "Giardino del sovrintendente") che non solo una villa di ricreazione, ma anche un insieme di giardini, orti, allevamento di bestiame e tenuta di caccia per i sultani e i loro ospiti, costruito e dotato di piante verso il 1315. Si trova al di sopra dell'Alhambra e si estende fino alle montagne.
Un tipico quartiere islamico-zigano di Granada l'Albaycn, con strade strette e anguste, cortili con alberi e fiori, terrazze, cisterne e stagni. Questo quartiere deve il suo nome alla riconolizzazione della citt da parte dei cristiani, fu infatti per ordine dei re cristiani che gli abitanti della prima citt riconquistata da Isabella la Cattolica si trasferissero a Granada per ripopolarla di Cristiani, questa citt si chiama appunto Baeza. Il quartiere si trova di fronte all'Alhambra dall'altra parte del fiume Dauro (Duero), cos chiamato perch nell'antichit vi si trovavano pepite d'oro. Al di sopra del quartiere musulmano si trova il Sacromonte, quartiere in cui sono scavate numerose grotte a lungo abitate dai gitani, molto ornate e ricche di artigianato e di colore locale.