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Function To study the fall of the bodies. |
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Description It is formed by a glass tube with two brass ring nuts and a tap with threading. Inside the tube we have: a feather, a piece of coloured paper, a wooden sphere and a steel sphere. In vacuum all these objects travel vertically the length of the tube in the same time. The length of the tube is one meter. | |||
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Function To study the parabolic motion for the fall of bodies. |
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Description The apparatus is made of wood with a plumb line. A ball falls along an oblique pipe and goes out horizontally with a certain speed. From this point it continues in free fall following a parabolic course. A grid helps to demonstrate the square proportionality between the vertical shift of the ball and the time. | |||
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Function To show that a liquid in a tube without air behaves as a compact mass. |
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Description A glass tube holds water without air. Reversing the tube suddenly we produce a sharp and loud noise. From a similar circumstance we obtain the noises that are heard in central heating radiators at the beginning and during the final phase of the start. | |||
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Function To study the effects of the centrifugal force. |
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Description The apparatus that obliges a ball to travel along a loop placed on a vertical. | |||
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Function To stabilize the rotation speed of a thermal machine. |
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Description Totally metallic model with a very solid parallelogram, of which two sides hold two brass spheres with the same weight; the other sides drag a cylindrical slider that, controls the access valve of the steam to the cylinders when applied to thermal machines. | |||
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Function This apparatus is normally called the flattening of the Earth. |
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Description The two rings, fixed to the rotation axe at the bottom assume the form of an ellipse as soon as they are placed in rotation. If we imagine the steel ring divided into parts of equal mass, the centrifugal force is greater for these masses that are farther from the rotation axe. | |||
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Function To show that the centrifugal force is directly proportional to the mass. |
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Description Two glass test tubes inclined and symmetrical with respect to the axe of rotation, hold water mercury and two balls of plumb and of cork oak. During the motion the different substances assume an inverse distribution from the normal one, because the centrifugal force is proportional to the density, when the volumes are equal. | |||
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Function It is used to give an idea with the centrifuges used in the chemistry laboratory and in the industry. |
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Description We fill the two test tubes of water with clay. During the rotation the two test tubes dispose themselves on the horizontal plane and the clay deposits at the bottom and can be separated from the water. The two test tubes are protected by a metallic cage and can be removed for the cleaning. | |||
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Function It is used to show that the plane of oscillation of a pendulum keeps its position constant. |
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Description It is applied to the rotary apparatus, but to make the experiment it is only necessary to give a slow rotation to the base by hand, after making the pendulum oscillate. The oscillation plane keeps the original direction. | |||
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Function It is used to explain the operation of the rotating pumps at centrifugal force. |
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Description The metallic case is supported by the vertical pole that is given together with the rotary apparatus. Once the case is set in place without its cover, we adapt the wheel which has a common cone, and we put the cover on. If we use the apparatus vertically and we place a lighted candle near the central hole of suction of the fan, we can observe that the flame is attracted towards the inside. | |||
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Function To study the precession motion. |
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Description Wooden model with a metal pit and a groove where we can wind the thread for the throwing. | |||
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Function To study the conservation of the angular momentum. |
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Description This model is demountable and is applicable to a thread or to the rotary apparatus. Putting the heavy disk in a rapid rotation, the axis holds the initial direction, whatever the position of the apparatus. If we join a weight to the internal ring, the axis has a motion of precession and describes a conical surface. This experiment allows making references to the rotation of the terrestrial axis and to the precession of the equinoxes. If the gyroscope is applied to the rotary apparatus, we can verify the principles concerning the composition on the two rotations. | |||
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Function To study all the pendulum laws. |
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Description The pendulums have a double suspension to assure the invariability of the planes of oscillation. Disposing the threads so that the lengths of the pendulums are 1, 4, 9 dm, we measure the time needed to obtain respectively 30, 15, 10 oscillations and we find that it is the same for all. With pendulums of the same length and balls of different substances the law of the independence of the period from the mass and from the nature of the pendulum can be verified. | |||
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Function To study the conservation of the mechanical energy. |
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Description A well-balanced wheel is suspended by its axe to a frame of wood by two flexible threads. If the threads are wound regularly the axis of the wheel and we leave the wheel free, after falling with a uniformly accelerated motion, it comes back to always decreasing heights with a uniformly slowed motion. | |||
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Function To study the conservation of mechanical energy. |
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Description Two masses are placed at the ends of a bar that is welded perpendicularly to another. The better can rotate on a vertical axis. When the bar winds the spring is wound. When the bar is let free, we can see oscillations with transformation of elastic energy into kinetic energy and vice versa. | |||
