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School Spano |
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Function Determining the specific heat of a solid. | |||
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Description It is based on the quantity of ice that a body can melt yielding heat to achieve the temperature of 0 °C. The calorimeter of Lavoisier-Laplace is formed by three concentric containers: in the most external one we put minced ice, which prevents the external heat from melting the ice in the second container. This one is used for the heat-sensing measure. In the third container, the more internal one, we place the body. The lateral tube of effusion is used to eliminate the water formed in the first container. The tube at the bottom is used to collect the water produced by the melting ice. This water is collected in a graduated cylinder. | |||
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School Spano |
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Function Determining the specific heat of a substance. | |||
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Description The heat-sensing container is formed by a thin plate made of a copper-nickel-zinc alloy or of brass, with a reflecting outside. It is suspended inside another container made of a shining brass plate, with strings that go through the wall of the external container. The apparatus leans on a wooden base with a lateral support and a little vice for the thermometer and the agitator. The latter is a wire of a copper-nickel-zinc alloy, flattened in its curved portion and motioned from afar with a string. | |||
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School Spano |
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Function Determining the specific heat of a substance. | |||
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Description We fill the double wall glass bulb with water and with mercury in the lower side and in the horizontal and vertical tube. We lower the temperature of the apparatus to 0 degrees, by closing the calorimeter with pieces of ice and we fill the central test-tube with a small quantity of ether, which will evaporate rapidly when we provoke a gurgle with a jet of air. The reduction of the temperature will fix the ice on the wall that. Because of the augmentation of the volume, the ice will move the end of column of the mercury in the horizontal graduated tube. | |||
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School Spano |
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Function Demonstrative apparatus for the conversion of the work into heat to apply to the rotational apparatus. | |||
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Description The tube of brass, which is very thin, is fitted in the cone of the rotational machine with a cylindrical connection of fibres, so that the heat developed by friction cannot pass to the rotation machine. The little vice is provided with two-cork pads. After introducing a little quantity of ether into the tube which is closed with a soft stopper, if we slightly twist the wing nut with the little vice, we reach the point of ebullition of the liquid and the tension sufficient to expel the stopper with few turns. | |||
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School Spano |
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Function Conversion of the work into heat. | |||
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Description It is made of metal with a piston with a double leather cap. The bottom of the calibrated tube is applied to a screw with a lead cushion for a perfect hold. The two leather caps are clasped with a hollow cylindrical nut, that has a lateral tip to hold the tinder. The certain ignition of the tinder depends on the quickness of the compression and on the state of lubrication of the piston. It is better to lubricate it with olive oil and after the use to wash the piston and the cylinder with petrol to avoid the formation of copper salts. | |||
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School Spano |
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Function Determining the mechanical equivalent of heat. | |||
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Description Whiting's tube is the simplest and most economical device for determining the thermal equivalent of the work and it is formed by a special tube closed at the ends with cylindrical blocks of wood, that isolate it thermally from the operator’s hands. We introduce pellets of lead through the lid, that is kept closed by a belt during all the time of the experiment. Then the tube is turned over and over again. The metal falls from one end to the other and gets hot. At the beginning and at the end of the experiment the pellets are dropped into a glass and their temperature is measured with a thermometer. | |||
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School Spano |
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Function It is used to explain the functioning of the reaction turbine. | |||
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Description The apparatus is totally in brass; the little boiler stands on an iron tripod that is tall enough to be placed over a Bunsen burner. The steam goes across two tubes at right angles, fixed to a turning top. It is enough to fill half the boiler with water and lubricate the steam capstan with mineral oil. Take off the flame when you think the water has arrived under the welding to prevent the boiler from breaking. | |||
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School Castelvì |
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Function Functioning of a thermo-motor. | |||
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Description The apparatus is in wood and iron. The cylinder and the piston are visible. The timing system of the steam is quite evident. | |||
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School Spano |
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Function Functioning of a thermo-motor. | |||
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Description The apparatus is in metal. It is possible to distinguish clearly and in their exact proportions all the essential parts of the vertical steam engine and the correspondences between the piston and distribution valves in the dead points. The apparatus is on a base of cast iron with a brass column. The apparatus has a mechanism for the reverse gear. | |||
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School University (1), Spano (2) |
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Function For experiments on the radiant heat. | |||
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Description The apparatus is complete for many experiments on radiant heat. It includes:
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School Spano |
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Function To study the heat propagation. | |||
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Description Two brass mirrors are placed vertically on two wooden bases. The source (red-hot sphere, flame) is placed on the focus of a mirror while the detector (radiometer, thermoscope) is Placed on the other focus. | |||
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School University |
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Function Conversion of radiant energy into mechanical energy. | |||
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Description The apparatus has a mica eddy and it is very easy to use. It is enough to expose it to whatever irradiation to obtain the rotation of the mobile part. It is a good example of the connective motion of the molecules that constitute the gaseous residue, due to thermal agitation. In fact, because of the irradiation, the fins of mica, which are darkened only on one side, get warm in a different manner on the two sides and therefore give different speeds to the molecules that constitute the gaseous residue. As a reaction the eddy moves around. | |||
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School Spano |
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Function Conversion of radiant energy into mechanical energy. | |||
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Description In the two eddies the darkness of the sides is opposite and for this they rotate in opposite direction. | |||
